Applicability of the Theoretical Model of a School Becoming a Learning Organization in the Pakistani City of Karachi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48112/aessr.v4i3.852Abstract
Abstract Views: 782
This study aims to develop and validate a scale to measure the concept of a school as a learning organization within the context of Karachi, Pakistan. Given the growing emphasis on fostering continuous learning and adaptability in educational institutions, the research seeks to understand how schools in this emerging era can embody the principles of a learning organization. The study employs a quantitative methodology, beginning with a survey questionnaire developed on a scale consist of seven constructs adopted from the work of Kools and Stoll (2016) by measuring the responses of school heads/principals, vice principals, coordinators and teachers The data is analyzed using exploratory and factor analysis to ensure the reliability and validity of the scale. The findings obtained provide insights into the specific characteristics and challenges of implementing learning organization principles in schools within the unique cultural, social, and educational landscape of Karachi. The scale is further analyzed for its predictive validity to find out its effect on job satisfaction The validated scale that is obtained by collecting the responses from different sector schools in Karachi Pakistan will serve as a valuable tool for educational policymakers and administrators aiming to promote a culture of continuous improvement and learning in schools through transformation of their school into a learning organization across Karachi, Pakistan.
Keywords:
Continuous learning, Education and learning, Educational institutions, Learning organizationReferences
Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (1997). Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective. Reis, (77/78), 345-348. https://doi.org/10.2307/40183951
Basten, D., & Haamann, T. (2018). Approaches for organizational learning: A literature review. Sage Open, 8(3), 2158244018794224. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018794224
Bell, C. R. (2000). The mentor as partner. Training & Development, 54(2), 52-52.
Benavides, F., Dumont, H., & Istance, D. (Eds.). (2010). Nature of learning: using research to inspire practice. OECD.
Cheung, G. W., Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Lau, R. S., & Wang, L. C. (2024). Reporting reliability, convergent and discriminant validity with structural equation modeling: A review and best-practice recommendations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 41(2), 745-783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-023-09871-y
Conway, N., & Briner, R. B. (2002). Full-time versus part-time employees: Understanding the links between work status, the psychological contract, and attitudes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(2), 279-301. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1857
Darling-Hammond, L. (2016). Research on teaching and teacher education and its influences on policy and practice. Educational Researcher, 45(2), 83-91. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X16639597
Darwin, C. (2017). Building a learning organization. Knowledge Solutions, 57(54), 78-99.
Erdem, M., İlğan, A., & Uçar, H. İ. (2014). Relationship between learning organization and job satisfaction of primary school teachers. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(1), 8-20. https://doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2014.01.002
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Fullan, M., & Quinn, J. (2015). Coherence: The right drivers in action for schools, districts, and systems. Corwin Press.
Garratt, B. (1987). The Learning Organisation: and the need for directors who think. London: Fontana.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. In Classroom Companion: Business. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed, a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
Haiyan, Q., Walker, A., & Xiaowei, Y. (2017). Building and leading a learning culture among teachers: A case study of a Shanghai primary school. Educational management administration & leadership, 45(1), 101-122.
Han, S., Seo, G., Li, J., & Yoon, S. W. (2015). The mediating effect of organizational commitment and employee empowerment: how transformational leadership impacts employee knowledge sharing intention. Human Resource Development International, 19(2), 98–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2015.1099357
Harris, M. M., & van Tassell, F. (2005). The professional development school as learning organization. European Journal of Teacher Education, 28(2), 179-194. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619760500093255
Hiatt-Michael, D. B. (2001). Schools as learning communities: A vision for organic school reform. School Community Journal, 11(2), 113-127.
Hobbs, L., & Porsch, R. (2021). Teaching out-of-field: challenges for teacher education. European Journal of Teacher Education, 44(5), 601–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2021.1985280
Kim, D. H. (2009). The link between individual and organizational learning. In The strategic Management of Intellectual Capital (pp. 41-62). Routledge.
Kirkham, G. (2005). Leading and achieving a learning school through developing middle leaders. European Journal of Teacher Education, 28(2), 151-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619760500093180
Kools, M., & Stoll, L. (2016). What Makes a School a Learning Organization? OECD Education Working Papers, (137), 0_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jlwm62b3bvh-en
Kools, M., Stoll, L., George, B., Steijn, B., Bekkers, V., & Gouëdard, P. (2020). The school as a learning organisation: The concept and its measurement. European Journal of Education, 55(1), 24-42.
Lim, L. L., & Chan, C. C. (2004). The development and application of an organisational learning matrix. International Journal of Management, 21(1), 100-107.
Ma, X., & MacMillan, R. B. (1999). Influences of workplace conditions on teachers' job satisfaction. The journal of educational research, 93(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220679909597627
Marsick, V. J., & Watkins, K. E. (2003). Demonstrating the value of an organization's learning culture: the dimensions of the learning organization questionnaire. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 5(2), 132-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422303005002002
Moolenaar, N. M., Sleegers, P. J., Karsten, S., & Daly, A. J. (2012). The social fabric of elementary schools: A network typology of social interaction among teachers. Educational Studies, 38(4), 355-371. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2011.643101
OECD. (2014). TALIS 2013 technical report. Paris, France.
OECD. (2018). Developing schools as learning organizations in Wales. Paris, France.
Palujanskiene, P., & Svagzdiene, B. (2020). The paradigm of school as a learning organization: key features forming a modern organization. LASE Journal of Sport Science, 11(1), 19-36.
Rerup, C., & Levinthal, D. A. (2014). Situating the concept of organizational mindfulness: the multiple dimensions of organizational learning. Mindful Change in Times of Permanent Reorganization: Organizational, Institutional and Sustainability Perspectives, 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38694-7_3
Saeed, M., Ahmad, I., Salam, M., Badshah, R., Ali, S., & Haq, S. (2013). Critical analysis of problems of schoolteachers in Pakistan: Challenges and possible solutions. Journal of Education and Practice, 4(4), 169-175.
Schleicher, A. (2012). Preparing teachers and developing school leaders for the 21st century: Lessons from around the world. OECD Publishing. 2, rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris Cedex 16, France.
Schön, D. A. (2017). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. Routledge.
Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organisation. New York, NY: Currency Doubleday
Senge, P. M. (2012). Creating schools for the future, not the past for all students. Leader to leader, 2012(65), 44-49.
Tabakhnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. New York: Allyn and Bacon.
Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Tharenou, P., Donohue, R., & Cooper, B. (2007). Management research methods. Cambridge University Press.
Van Tartwijk, J., & Lockhorst, D. (2014). Public summary of research report evaluation change approach LeerKRACHT 2013-2014. University of Utrecht and Oberon.
Yang, J. T. (2007). The impact of knowledge sharing on organizational learning and effectiveness. Journal of Knowledge Management, 11(2), 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270710738933
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Academy of Education and Social Sciences Review

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

















