Toxicity of Aquatic Extract of Acacia Farnesiana, Alhagi maurorum and Myrtus Communis Leaf, Stem and Seed against Physella Acuta Intermediate Host of Parasites

Authors

  • Mohammed J. Al-Obaidi Tropical Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad – Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-2969
  • Ali J. Al-Saady Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad – Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15777385

Abstract

Abstract Views: 273

The recent study aimed to screen suitable plant extracts to control the snail especially which have medical importance. The Molluscicidal activity of leaves, stems, and seeds from Acacia farnesiana, Alhagi maurorum and Myrtus communis against the snail Physella acuta was studied. The plant M. communis was more toxic than the A. farnesiana and A. maurorum to the snail P. acuta. The stem extract of M. communis and A. farnesiana was more toxic than leaf and seed.  The seed of A. maurorum was more toxic than the stem and leaf. LC50 of leaf from A. farnesiana, A. maurorum and M. communis were recorded as 24.1, 38.8, and 6.5 part per million (ppm) respectively. LC50 of the stem were (13, 43.8, and 2.7 ppm) respectively. LC50 of seed were recorded as (15.3, 21.7, and 20.2 ppm) respectively. The study concluded that the plant extracts utilized were have molluscicidal activity and can used to kill the snails.

Keywords:

LC50, Molluscicides, Plant extract, Snail, Toxicity

References

Ahmad, N., Bibi, Y., Raza, I., Zahara, K., Khalid, N., Bashir, T., & Tabassum, S. (2015). Traditional uses and pharmacological properties of Alhagi maurorum: A review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 5(11), 856-861. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(15)60945-8

Aleem, M., and Anis, M. (2021). Therapeutic potential of Habb-ul-Aas (Myrtus communis Linn.) with Unani perspective and modern pharmacology: A review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 10(1): 910-923. https://doi.org/10.22271/phyto.2021.v10.i1m.13452

Alipour, G., Dashti, S. and Hosseinzadeh, H., (2014). Review of pharmacological effects of Myrtus communis L. and its active constituents. Phytotherapy research, 28(8):1125-1136. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5122

Al-Snafi, A. E. (2016). Medicinal plants with antimicrobial activities (part 2): Plant based review. Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy, 5(6): 208-239.

Al-Waaly, A.B.M., Mohammad, M.K. and Al-Miali, H.M., (2014). Freshwater snails’ diversity in the middle and south regions of Iraq. Advances in Bioresearch, 5(3):166-171.

Al-Warid, H.S., Ali, H.Z., Jaffar, A., Nissan, G., Haider, A. and Yosef, A., (2020). Use of Two Aquatic Snail Species as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals in Tigris River-Baghdad. Iraqi Journal of Science, 61(7):1589-1592. https://DOI.org/10.24996/ijs.2020.61.7.6

Awaad AS, El-Meligy RM, Qenawy SA, Atta AH and Soliman GA (2011). Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic effects of some desert plants. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 15: 367-73. https://DOI.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2011.02.004.

Benelli, G., Bedini, S., Flamini, G., Cosci, F., Cioni, P.L., Amira, S., Benchikh, F., Laouer, H., Di Giuseppe, G. and Conti, B., (2015). Mediterranean essential oils as effective weapons against the West Nile vector Culex pipiens and the Echinostoma intermediate host Physella acuta: what happens around? An acute toxicity survey on non-target mayflies. Parasitology Research, 114(3):1011-1021. https://DOI.org/10.1007/s00436-014-4267-0

Deruaz D, Reynaud J, Raynaud J. (1993). Evaluation of the molluscicidal properties of Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae). Phytotherapy Research 7: 428–430. https://DOI.org/10.1002/ptr.2650070609

Duke, J. A. (2007) Duke’s handbook of medicinal plants of the bible. USA: CRC Press. Hassanein A. M., Mazen M. A. (2010). Adventitious bud formation in Alhagi graecorum. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 65: 31-35. https://doi.org/10.21608/EAJBSH.2019.93239

Elisha, E. E., Moussa, S.O. and Abed, S.K. (1988). The effect of leaves of Myrtus communis on the central nervous system I: The central depressant and anti-convulsant actions. Journal of Biological Sciences., 19(3): 545-559.

Finney, D. J. (1971). Probit analysis, 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 333pp.

Hanoon, A.Y.; Al-Obaidi, M.J. and Weal, A. (2004). The use of Nicotinana tobacco leaves L. extractions as a molluscicidal to the snail of Bulinus truncates. Iraqi Journal of Tropical Diseases Research., 1(1): 43-47.

Ismail, M.A.; Koko, W.S.; Osman, E.E.; Dahab, M.M.; Garbi, M.I.; Alsadeg, A.M.; Kabbashi, A. S. (2016). Molluscicidal activity of Acacia seyal (Dell) barks methanolic extract against Biomphalaria pfeifferisnails. International Biological and Biomedical Journal, 2 (2): 37-79.

Jarallah, H.M., (2012). Effect of some Plants Extracts as a Molluscicides Against the Snail Lymnaea auricularia L. in Basrah. Journal of University of Babylon, 20(2): 1-6.

Jayachandran, P.R., Radhika, R., Aneesh, B.P. et al. (2022). Biological Invasion of Medically Important Bladder Snail Physella acuta Draparnaud, 1805 (Gastropoda, Physidae) in the Freshwater Habitat of Kerala, India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society 75: 200–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-021-00419-w

Kalhoro M. A., Kapadia Z. and Badar Y. (1997). Physicochemical studies of indigenous medicinal plants. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 32: 418–421.

Kery, A., Twaij, H. A. and Al-Jeboory, A. A. (1985). Flavonoid composition in some Iraqi plants used in flok medicine study. The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 23: 171-181.

Lei J. I. A. (2008). The active components in the Alhagi pseudalhagi seed oil relative to its physiological functions. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University; 5:038.

Meena, D. S. (2020). Collection methods of plants from the field. ©2020_Dr Devender Singh Meena.

Mohammad, M.K., (2015). The parasitic infection of the freshwater snails collected in Central Iraq. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 4(3):47-55.

Mostafa, R.M., Essawy, H.S. and Baz, M.M., (2019). Potency of Alhagi maurorum plant extracts as phytoacaricidal against Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae). Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany, 10(2):41-53. https://doi.org/10.21608/EAJBSH.2019.93239

Ramli, S., Harada, K. I., & Ruangrungsi, N. (2011). Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities of Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. Leaves ethanolic extract. Pharmacognosy Journal, 3(23): 50-58. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2011.23.8

Rao, I., Singh, D. (2000). Effect of Single and Binary Combinations of Plant-Derived Molluscicides on Reproduction and Survival of the Snail Achatina fulica. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 39, 486–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002440010131

Ribeiro, E.C.G., Leite, J.A.C., Luz, T.R.S.A., Silveira, D.P.B., Bezerra, S.A., Frazão, G.C.C.G., Pereira, L.P.L.A., Dos Santos, E.G.G., Ribeiro Filho, P.R.C.F., Soares, A.M.S. and Santos, R.L., (2021). Molluscicidal activity of monoterpenes and their effects on inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity on Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. Acta Tropica, 223, p.106089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106089

Singh, A., Singh, D.K., Mishra, T.N., Agarwal, R.A., (1996). Molluscicides of plant origin. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture., 13:205–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.1996.9754782

Singh, S.K., Yadav, R.P. and Singh, A., (2010). Molluscicides from some common medicinal plants of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. Journal of Applied Toxicology: An International Journal, 30(1):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.1498

SPSS Inc. Released (2008). SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 17.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc.

Stephan, C. E. (1977). Methods for calculating an LC50 (pp. 65-84). ASTM International.

Sultan, A., Moohammadnor, M. & Eshbakova, K.A. (2011). Chemical constituents of Alhagi pseudalhagi . Chemistry of Natural Compounds 47:140–141. https://DOI.org/10.1007/s10600-011-9860-1

Syombua, E. M., Yole, D., Musila, F. M., Kutima, H and Kareru, P. (2013). Assessment of Molluscicidal, cercaricidal and miracicidal activities of crude extracts of Azadiratcha indica and Entada leptostachya. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. 3(5): 11-17. http://hdl.handle.net/11295/85573

Talib J. S., Al-Taher, Q.M. and Shihab, A.F., (2022). Melanoides tuberculate as bioindicator of the Heavy Metal contamination in water and sediment pollution of Euphrates River at Thi-Qar province-Iraq. Health Education and Health Promotion, 10(2):1-9.

Thotathil, V., Rizk, H.H., Fakrooh, A. and Sreerama, L., (2022). Phytochemical Analysis of Acacia ehrenbergiana (Hayne) Grown in Qatar: Identification of Active Ingredients and Their Biological Activities. Molecules, 27(19), p.6400. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196400

Verma S., Mohanta T., Revathy T., Suthindhiran K. and Jayasri M. A. (2013). Phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of selected plants. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 9(3): 291-9. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2013.291.299

Wannes, W.A., Mhamdi, B., Sriti, J., Jemia, M.B., Ouchikh, O., Hamdaoui, G., Kchouk, M.E. and Marzouk, B., (2010). Antioxidant activities of the essential oils and methanol extracts from myrtle (Myrtus communis var. italica L.) leaf, stem and flower. Food and chemical toxicology, 48(5):1362-1370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.002

World Health Organization (WHO). (1993). Report of a scientific Working group on Plant Molluscicide and Guidelines for Evaluation of Plant Molluscicide. Geneva: WHO, (TDR/SCHSWE (4)/83.3.

World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Schistosomiasis. Fact sheet 115. Updated Oct., 2017.

Xing, Y., Yao, J., Qu, G., Dai, J. and Feng, B., (2021). Evaluation of the molluscicidal activities of arylpyrrole on Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. Peer Journal, 9, p.e12209. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12209

Toxicity of Aquatic Extract of Acacia Farnesiana, Alhagi maurorum and Myrtus Communis Leaf, Stem and Seed against Physella Acuta Intermediate Host of Parasites

Published

2025-01-01

How to Cite

Al-Obaidi, M. J., & Al-Saady, A. J. (2025). Toxicity of Aquatic Extract of Acacia Farnesiana, Alhagi maurorum and Myrtus Communis Leaf, Stem and Seed against Physella Acuta Intermediate Host of Parasites. Biomedicine and Chemical Sciences, 4(1), 07–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15777385

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)