Empirical Analysis of Factors Affecting Integration of Pakistani Equity Markets

Authors

  • Ahmed Shafique Joyo (Ph.D) Department of Business Administration, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Nawabshah – Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6949-4529
  • Ghazala Tunio (Ph.D) Institute of Science & Technology Development, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro – Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-4785
  • Abdul Hafeez Magsi Department of Business Administration, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Nawabshah – Pakistan
  • Afroz Sial (Ph.D) Department of Business Administration, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Nawabshah – Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48112/bms.v1i4.955

Abstract

Abstract Views: 318

The purpose of this study is to analyse the factors which determine the interconnection of the Pakistani equity market with the foreign equity markets. We nominated the equity markets of the top trading countries of Pakistan which include China, Germany, Indonesia, UAE, and the USA. The study period for this analysis covers the period from 2005 to 2018, including the time of the global financial crisis (GFC) in 2008. We investigated the level of correlation between Pakistan and its trading countries by applying the DCC-GARCH model using MSCI daily stock return data.  Moreover, we employed the OLS regression model and the fixed effects model to determine the effect of the determinant factors on the level of connectedness among the selected equity markets. The results showed that the interest rate differential, inflation rate differential and trade intensity, between the selected pairs of equity markets of Pakistan with foreign equity markets have a significant effect on the correlation between them. In addition, the GFC also shows a significant impact on the equity market correlation for the equity market pairs chosen. However, the results vary in different combinations of the Pakistani equity market with other equity markets, selected based on the trade relationship.

Keywords:

DCC-GARCH model, Equity market correlation, Fixed effects model, Influencing factors

Author Biographies

Ahmed Shafique Joyo (Ph.D),

He is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Business Administration, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University in Nawabshah – Pakistan. He obtained his Doctorate in Business Management from Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University in Nawabshah – Pakistan.

Ghazala Tunio (Ph.D),

She is an Assistant Professor at the Institute of Science & Technology Development, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology in Jamshoro – Pakistan. She obtained her Doctorate in Business Administration from the University of Sindh in Jamshoro – Pakistan.

Abdul Hafeez Magsi,

He is a Lecturer at the Department of Business Administration, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University in Nawabshah – Pakistan. He obtained his MBA in MBA from Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University in Nawabshah – Pakistan.

Afroz Sial (Ph.D),

She is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Business Administration, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University in Nawabshah – Pakistan. She obtained her Doctorate in Business Administration from Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University in Nawabshah – Pakistan.

References

Aamir, M., & Ali Shah, S. Z. (2018). Determinants of stock market co-movements between Pakistan and Asian emerging economies. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 11(3), 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm11030032

Aladesanmi, O., Casalin, F., & Metcalf, H. (2019). Stock market integration between the UK and the US: Evidence over eight decades. Global Finance Journal, 41, 32-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2018.11.005

Beine, M., & Candelon, B. (2011). Liberalisation and stock market co-movement between emerging economies. Quantitative Finance, 11(2), 299-312. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697680903213815

Bekaert, G., & Harvey, C. R. (2003). Emerging markets finance. Journal of Empirical Finance, 10(1-2), 3-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(02)00054-3

Bracker, K., Docking, D. S., & Koch, P. D. (1999). Economic determinants of evolution in international stock market integration. Journal of Empirical Finance, 6(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5398(98)00007-3

Tiwari, A. K., Nasreen, S., & Anwar, M. A. (2022). Impact of equity market development on renewable energy consumption: Do the role of FDI, trade openness and economic growth matter in Asian economies?. Journal of Cleaner Production, 334, 130244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130244

Grambovas, C. A. (2003). Exchange rate volatility and equity markets. Eastern European Economics, 41(5), 24-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00128775.2003.11041057

Bracker, K., & Koch, P. D. (1999). Economic determinants of the correlation structure across international equity markets. Journal of Economics and Business, 51(6), 443-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-6195(99)00021-1

Büttner, D., & Hayo, B. (2011). Determinants of European stock market integration. Economic Systems, 35(4), 574-585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2010.10.004

Carretta, A., & Nicolini, G. (2006). Integration of the European securities markets and links among stock exchanges: a cross-listing, cross-membership and cross-trading analysis. Paper presentato al convegno “Coordination and cooperation across organisational boundaries”, organizzato dall’Università Cattolica S. Cuore di Milano, 20-21.

Chen, N. F., & Zhang, F. (1997). Correlations, trades and stock returns of the Pacific-Basin markets. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 5(5), 559-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-538X(97)00022-X

Chevallier, J., Nguyen, D. K., Siverskog, J., & Uddin, G. S. (2018). Market integration and financial linkages among stock markets in Pacific Basin countries. Journal of Empirical Finance, 46, 77-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2017.12.006

Dohmen, T., Falk, A., Huffman, D., Sunde, U., Schupp, J., & Wagner, G. G. (2011). Individual risk attitudes: Measurement, determinants, and behavioral consequences. Journal of the European Economic Association, 9(3), 522-550. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-4774.2011.01015.x

Dorodnykh, E. (2014). Determinants of stock exchange integration: Evidence in worldwide perspective. Journal of Economic Studies, 41(2), 292-316. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-08-2012-0111

Elyasiani, E., Perera, P., & Puri, T. N. (1998). Interdependence and dynamic linkages between stock markets of Sri Lanka and its trading partners. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 8(1), 89-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1042-444X(98)00020-6

Goldstein, M. (1998). The Asian financial crisis: Causes, cures, and systemic implications (Vol. 55): Peterson Institute.

Gupta, R., & Guidi, F. (2012). Cointegration relationship and time varying co-movements among Indian and Asian developed stock markets. International Review of Financial Analysis, 21, 10-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2011.09.001

Hooy, C. W., & Goh, K. L. (2007, March). The determinants of stock market integration: A panel data investigation. In 15th Annual Conference on Pacific Basin Finance, Economics, Accounting and Management.

Hwang, E., Min, H.-G., Kim, B.-H., & Kim, H. (2013). Determinants of stock market comovements among US and emerging economies during the US financial crisis. Economic Modelling, 35, 338-348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.07.021

Joyo, A. S., & Lefen, L. (2019). Stock market integration of Pakistan with its trading partners: A multivariate DCC-GARCH model approach. Sustainability, 11(2), 303. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020303

Varadi, V. K., & Boppana, N. (2009). Are stock exchanges integrated in the world?–A critical analysis. Journal of Applied Research in Finance (JARF), 2(2), 244-257.

Latief, R., & Lefen, L. (2018). The effect of exchange rate volatility on international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries along “one belt and one road”. International Journal of Financial Studies, 6(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs6040086

Lin, C. M., & Cheng, W. H. (2008). Economic determinants of comovement across international stock markets: the example of Taiwan and its key trading partners. Applied Economics, 40(9), 1187-1205. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840600771262

Mobarek, A. (2013). Global stock market integration and the determinants of co-movements: Evidence from developed and emerging countries. NASDAQ OMX Foundation.

Paramati, S. R., Gupta, R., & Roca, E. (2015). Stock market interdependence between Australia and its trading partners: does trade intensity matter?. Applied Economics, 47(49), 5303-5319. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2015.1047088

Paramati, S. R., Roca, E., & Gupta, R. (2016). Economic integration and stock market dynamic linkages: Evidence in the context of Australia and Asia. Applied Economics, 48(44), 4210-4226. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1153794

Paramati, S. R., Zakari, A., Jalle, M., Kale, S., & Begari, P. (2018). The dynamic impact of bilateral trade linkages on stock market correlations of Australia and China. Applied Economics Letters, 25(3), 141-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2017.1305067

Pretorius, E. (2002). Economic determinants of emerging stock market interdependence. Emerging Markets Review, 3(1), 84-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1566-0141(01)00032-2

Rafiq, A., & Hassan, S. (2018). Macro-economic determinant and interdependence of the stock markets: evidence from emerging economies. PUBLISHING GOAL, 23.

Sehgal, S., Pandey, P., & Deisting, F. (2018). Stock market integration dynamics and its determinants in the East Asian economic community region. Journal of Quantitative Economics, 16, 389-425.

Vithessonthi, C., & Kumarasinghe, S. (2016). Financial development, international trade integration, and stock market integration: Evidence from Asia. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 35, 79-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mulfin.2016.03.001

Wälti, S. (2011). Stock market synchronization and monetary integration. Journal of International Money and Finance, 30(1), 96-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2010.07.004

Mobarek, A., Muradoglu, G., Mollah, S., & Hou, A. J. (2016). Determinants of time varying co-movements among international stock markets during crisis and non-crisis periods. Journal of Financial Stability, 24, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2016.03.003

Published

2025-01-01

How to Cite

Joyo, A. S., Tunio, G., Magsi, A. H., & Sial, A. (2025). Empirical Analysis of Factors Affecting Integration of Pakistani Equity Markets. Bulletin of Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(3), 168–181. https://doi.org/10.48112/bms.v1i4.955

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.